Gottlieb daimler



(No Model.)

Gr. DAIMLER.

. GAS ENGINE. No. 313,922. Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

flliasf Invent-01",-

N. PETERS. Phulo lfllmgraphcr. Washmglom D. C

UNTTnn STATES aTnNT Urrrcn.

GOTTLIEB DAIMLER, OF OANNSTADT, \VURTEMBERG, GERMANY.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,922, dated March 17. 1885.

Application filed March 25, 1884.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GOTTLIEB DAIMLER, a citizen of Germany, residing at Oannstadt, WViirtemberg, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 'in Gas-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved gas or oil motor, the object being to utilize the heat generated by the combustion of the gas or oil within the working chamber to ignite the succeeding charges.

My invention consists in the combination, with an exteriorly-insulated cylindrical gaschamber which is fitted with a supply and an exhaust port controlled by valves and with ignitingchamber, of a piston having its end projecting into the i gniting-chamber, said piston being interiorly insulated and working within said chamber to draw in the gas and to compress the same to its point of ignition by the walls of the igniting-chamber and so receive the force of the explosion of the gases.

In the accompanying drawing, I haveillustrated the principle of my invention and I have represented a cross-section through a device suitable for my purposes.

0 represents a strong metal cylinder, closed at one end and open at the other, said cylinder serving as compression-chamber for the mixture of gases, and being provided at the closed end with an opening into which the primingcap f, made of thin sheet metal, is fitted, and being further provided on the same end with openings 9 and d, said openings being provided with suitable valves, the opening gfor the outlet of the products of combustion, and (Z for the inlet of the gases to be ignited. The open end of the compressionchamber is closed by a movable piston, 13, which either fits air-tight into the cylinder 0, or which, as is shown in the drawing, fits airtight into another cylinder, A, which is placed rigidly fast and air-tight against the compression chamber 0. Said piston is worked either by hand or by any other method into the cylinder 0, valve 1 being closed, and valve d also after a quantity of combustible gases has been charged into chamber 0 through said valve. The explosion of the charge of gases will now be produced, as follows: Piston B will now compress the gases which are per- (No model fectly confined within chamber 0, to a certain degree. A flame is brought near the primingcapf, and said cap is heated so as to cause the rapid ignition and explosion of the inclosed gases by contact of the latter with the hot inside walls of cap f. This explosion will cause piston B to be expelled from chamber 0 until the expanding gases have assumed the necessary enlarged volume resulting from the explosion. Piston B is then pushed into chamber 0 again, while valveg is opened, valve dremaining closed in order to exhaust at least part of the products of combustion. Then piston B is moved backward again-that is to say, it is extracted from cylinder 0, while valve 9 is closed and valve (1 is opened in order to admit by suction a certain supplyof explosive gas. Then valve d is'closed and the inclosed gas is compressed, cap f always being kept heated, and explosion will occur again at a certain degree of compression of the gases. These explosions are so often repeated until the walls of chamber 0 have become sufficiently hot themselves by the repeated oombustion of gases as to make primingcap superfluous and to cause ignition of the gas by their contact with the same when compressed. The complete operation of my device for utilizing non-combustible gases by creating explosions within the compressioncylinder 0 consists, therefore, of four steps or stages. When starting from the position of piston B, at the end of the second inward stroke, after the products of the previous combnstions have been expelled, the successive four stages will be, first, shutting the exhaustvalve g and opening the inlet-valve d and moving the piston B for the outward stroke. The inletvalve being connected with a reservoir or generator of combustible gas, a certain amount or charge of gases will be sucked into cylinder 0 by the first step of the process. bustible gas may consist of a mixture of ordinary lighting gas or oil with air. The second step consists of shutting the inlet-valve d, the exhaust-valve g remaining shut also, and of moving the piston for its inward stroke. By this second step, therefore, the charge of gases will be compressed into such a degree until the cap f, which is always kept heated, causes by contact with the gases an instantaneous Said comcombustion of the latter, and the third step of I motor. I disclaim,therefore, the peculiar shape the process will be performdto wit., piston B will be expelleduntil cylinder is entirely filledwith the expanding products of con1- bustionwhereupon the fourth step is performed, which consists in opening the "exhaust-valve g, which may communicate with the open air, and of forcing piston B again into cylinder 0. By this fourth step, therefore, the products of combustion will be expelled again from cylinder 0, and the whole process may be repeated as described until the cap f becomes unnecessary, as set forth in the above, and until the explosions are created I 5 simply by contact of the compressed gases with the hot walls of cylinder Oitself. The power of the explosions causing the backstroke of piston B may be utilized in a similar way as the explosions within the cylinder of oil and gas motors, as a source of motive power to a motor and may be transformed by suitable mechanism into a revolving movement. 0wing to the fact that the amount of power developed by said explosion is sufficiently strong, not only to operate the piston B' for creating the explosions of the gases by compression, and to operate Valves d and g, butalso to leave besides a-surplus power to be utilized for motive purposes, the parts and the process described in this specification may be regarded as forming the base for a good gas-motor. It has to be added that it is important to envelop cylinder 0 with suitable insulating material (such as slag, wool, clay, &c.,) against radiation of heat, also to insulate the hollow inside of the fore part of piston B, in order to retain within cylinder 0 and piston B asmuch of the heat developed by the explosions as possible, and to cause said parts to become sufficiently heated so as to create the explosions by their contact with the compressed gas, thus making capf superfluous after acertain time. It will also be understood that the troublesome cooling devices which are neces- 5 sary in the process of the ordinary gas and oil motors are excluded from my process, as they are not desirable.

In another application made by me for a patent, Serial No. 125,404, I have utilized the same process for'a complete automatic gas- I of cylinders A and O, of piston B, of cap f, and of Valves-d and g, as shown in the drawing.

I am well aware that it is not new to explode combustible gases within a cylinder by means 5 5 either of their contact with the heated part of v the walls of the cylinder itself or by means'of their contact with the inside walls of a thimble-shaped heated cap, which is attached to .and in direct communication with the cylin- 6o der. I am also aware that it is not new to utilize mixtures of gases which are only explosive or combustible at a certain degree of compression; and I am further aware that it is not new to insulate piston and compression- 6 cylinder by means of suitable material," such as to prevent the heat of the exploded gases to affect the metal parts of said piston and cylinder. I disclaim, therefore, all the mentioned points. In my process the mixture of gases is successively sucked in, compressed, exploded, and exhausted within the same cylinder,'which as a whole, together with the fore part of the hollowpiston, iscarefully insulated from the outside, so as to retain as 7 much heat as possible within the metal parts of the same. It would not answer for my purpose to protect said parts from the heat, and it would be entirely useless to compress the gases before their inlet into the cylinder.

What I claim, therefore, as new, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In a gas-motor, the combination, with an exteriorly insulated cylindrical gas-chamber fitted with a supply and an exhaust port con- 8 trolled by valves, andan igniting-chamber, of apiston having its end projecting into the igniting chamber interiorly insulated and working within said chamber to draw in the gas and to compress the same to its point of go ignition by thewalls of the igniting-chamber and to receive the force of the explosion of the gases, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto sign my name, in the presence of two subscribing wit- 5 nesses, this 12th day of December, 1883.

GOTTLIEB DAIMLER.

WVitnesses:

ED. RETTIoH, 0., L. JUL. BAUMANN. 

